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The complete blood count, also called “CBC,” is a test that provides information regarding the 3 main types of cells that compose your blood: 

- Red blood cells – These cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout your body. Low numbers represent anemia. 

- Platelets – These cells help form clots, which are responsible for stopping bleeding if injured.

- White blood cells – These cells fight infections. High or low numbers may represent infection, immune deficiency or other problems. 

A CBC may be ordered for many reasons. For example, a doctor or nurse may order this to check for anemia if you are feeling fatigued (more tired than normal), as part of an assessment for easy bleeding/bruising, or as part of an assessment for infection.  This test is also part of a routine annual physical exam. 

Fasting is not required for this test.  

The comprehensive metabolic panel, also called “CMP,” is normally a part of a routine annual physical exam. This panel includes 14 different tests that give a healthcare provider important information such as regarding liver/kidney functioning, acid-base status, electrolytes, blood glucose, etc. to give a clearer picture of your overall health. This panel includes:

- Sodium (Na) 

- Potassium (K)

- Cloride (Cl)

- Total Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

- Albumin (Alb)

- Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP)

- Aspartate Transaminase (AST)

- Alanine Transaminase (ALT)

- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

- Creatinine (Cr)

- Calcium (Ca)

- Total Protein

- Total Bilirubin

- Glucose (Glu) 

Fasting for at least 8 hours is required for this test. 

The lipid panel includes total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. This is normally part of an annual physical examination.  Examples of reasons for ordering a lipid panel may also include:

- Screening for cardiovascular disease risks, in individuals with or without prior disease.

- Evaluating adherence or efficacy of lipid-lowering therapy (medications) and lifestyle modification (such as diet or exercise).

- Identifying causes of other clinical problems (examples include “fatty” liver or pancreatitis). 

Fasting for at least 8 hours is required for this test. 

Thyroid function tests such as TSH level are used in a variety of clinical settings to screen for thyroid dysfunction. Common reasons to consider measuring TSH would include to assess the adequacy of levothyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland), and monitor the treatment of hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland). The clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism are highly variable, depending upon the age at onset and the duration and severity of thyroid hormone deficiency. For example, common symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency may include:

-  fatigue

-  depressed mood

-  cold intolerance

-  weight gain

-  constipation 

-  dry skin 

-  myalgia 

-  menstrual irregularities 

-  goiter (particularly in patients with iodine deficiency) 

Assessment of TSH level is usually part of an annual physical exam. Fasting for this lab is not required. 

The 14-panel urine drug test screen is ideal tool for the rapid and simultaneous evaluation of 14 common drugs of abuse. Low cut-offs and sensitivity make this cup ideal for employer drug screening, pain management and addiction screening. This urine drug screen tests for the following 14 substances: 

-  Amphetamine (AMP)

-  Barbiturates (BAR)

-  Benzodiazepines (BZD)

-  Buprenorphine (BUP)

-  Cocaine (COC)

-  Ecstasy (MDMA)

-  Methadone (MAD)

-  Methamphetamine (MET)

-  Marijuana (THC)

-  Opiates (OPI)

-  Oxycodone (OXY)

-  Phencyclidine (PCP)

-  Propoxyphene (PPX)

-  Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)

Fasting for this test is not required. 

Measurement of Hemoglobin A1c may be part of an annual physical exam to assess for impaired glucose tolerance and identification/diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. This is important because early identification of diabetes allows for interventions to prevent or limit related health issues such as cardiovascular disease. This measurement can also be used to assess the adequacy of lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise on blood sugar control. 

Fasting for this test is not required.